The cumulative capacity of some terrestrial plants spread in the Wadi Al-Tib - Maysan Governorate

Abstract

Nowadays, pollution has become one of the biggest problems that the entire world suffers from, so this study sheds light on pollution with heavy elements and the importance of plants in reducing these risks and the amount of accumulation of these elements. Eight wild plants were collected: Brassica tournifortii Gouan., Cakile arabica Vel. & Bornm., Capsella bursa – pastoris (L.) Medic., Carrichtera annua (L.) DC., Diplotaxis acris (Forssk.) Boiss., Diplotaxis harra (Forssk.) Boiss., Eruca sativa Mill. and Erucaria hispanica (L.) Druce. belonging to the Brassicaceae family, which were collected from the Wadi al-Tib area in the northeast of Maysan Governorate, where 10 elements were estimated in them: Aluminum (Al), Silver (Ag), Arsenic (As), Boron (B), Barium (Ba), Molybdenum (Mo), Iron (Fe), Lithium (Li), Selenium (Se) and Tin (Sn). The concentrations of the elements were observed to vary in the studied plants. The highest accumulation of Al was 863.8 ppm in E. sativa and the lowest was 133 ppm in D. acris. As for arsenic, the highest rate was recorded at 1.5 ppm in B. tournifortii and the lowest rate was 0.1 ppm in D. acris and was not recorded in C. arabica, D. harra and E. hispanica. As for B and Ag, the highest concentration was 165.5 and 6.9 ppm, respectively, in C. bursa-pastoris, while the lowest concentration was recorded at 22.8 and 0.8 ppm, respectively, in C. arabica, as for the elements Br and Mo, the highest concentration reached 342.6 and 31.1 ppm in the C. bursa-pastoris plant, respectively, followed by 291.5 ppm in the C. arabica plant, and a significant decrease was observed, reaching 15.1 and 3.6 ppm in the D. acris plant, respectively. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS (version 26), applying a one-way ANOVA test at a 0.05 significance level.